Present simple - potvrdni oblik
Present Simple – red riječi u potvrdnoj rečenici
Pravilo:
SUBJECT → VERB → EXTRA INFORMATION → TIME
I go to school every day.
She eats cereal in the morning.
John plays tennis with his friends every Saturday.
RED RIJEČI → što to znači?
engleski se NE ponaša kao hrvatski jezik
ne možemo premještati riječi u rečenici kao u hrvatskom
moramo se pridržavati pravila kako slagati riječi u rečenici: SUBJECT + VERB + EXTRA + TIME
Subject (tko?) → I, you, he, she, John, friend, Mary itd.
Verb (što radi?) → play, eat, go, visit, have, drink itd.
Extra (dodatno) → što? / gdje? /s kim?
Time (kada?) → every day , on Monday, in the morning itd.
PRESENT SIMPLE (positive) - PRAVILO
Pravilo:
OSOBA + GLAGOL (osnovni oblik)
Glagol ostaje isti u oblicima → I / you / we / they
I play tennis.
You play tennis.
We play tennis.
They play tennis.
Present Simple - TIME EXPRESSIONS (vremenski izrazi)
Kada se nešto događa?
EVERY → day, week, month, year ...
ON → Monday, 4th March….
IN → the morning, the afternoon, July, the winter, in 2012….
AT → 5:30, night, noon, midnight…
Adverbs of frequency - položaj u rečenici
uvijek ISPRED glagola
He usually goes to school by bus.
She always takes a shower brfore bed.
They never eat hamburgers.
uvijek IZA glagola „to be“ (am/are/is)
I am never late for school.
It is sometimes cold in spring.
They are usually hungry in the morning.
Present Simple - SIGNAL WORDS (riječi pokazatelji)
Signal words → pomažu da uočimo radnje u present simple-u
Koliko često se radnja događa? Na engleskom se zovu ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY:
always (uvijek)
usually (obično)
often (često)
sometimes (ponekad)
rarely (rijetko)
never (nikad)
once (jednom), twice (dvaput), 3 times (tri puta) itd. = izrazi za koliko često
PRESENT SIMPLE (positive) - 3. osoba jednine, NASTAVAK ES
Nastavak ES → HE/ SHE/ IT
Nastavak ES → na glagole koji završavaju na: CH / SH / S / X / O
He watches horror films.
She washes the car.
He kisses the girl.
It relaxes your body.
She goes to school.
Zapamti!
Nastavak ES se dodaje zbog izgovora.
She brushs her hair. X
She brushes her hair. ✓
„Y“ → i + es - IZNIMKE
IZNIMKA!
Ako se ispred „y“ nalazi samoglasnik (a, e, i, o, u) tada se „y“ NE MIJENJA!
He plays football.
She stays at home.
He obeys his parents.
PRESENT SIMPLE (positive) - 3. osoba jednine
HE / SHE / IT + glagol + S/ES
Dodajemo nastavak s/es na glagol za → he/ she/ it
He plays chess.
She plays chess.
It plays chess.
PRESENT SIMPLE (positive) - 3. osoba jednine, NASTAVAK S
Nastavak S → HE / SHE /IT
Na većinu glagola dodajemo nastavak S
He listens to rock music.
She drinks coffee.
It runs fast.
Time expressions - položaj u rečenici
NA KRAJU rečenice → END position
I go to school every day.
He visits his granny once a week.
She plays the piano in the afternoon.
They travel to London every summer.
Present Simple - TIME EXPRESSIONS primjer
Primjer
Mary visits her granny every week.
You go to school in the morning.
„Y“ → i + es
Glagoli (većina) na „y“ mijenjaju se u slovo „i“ + es.
I fly a plane. → He flies a plane.
You cry a lot. → She cries a lot.
We carry our books. → He carries his books.
PRESENT SIMPLE (positive)
Present Simple upotrebljavamo za:
radnje koje se ponavljaju (routines / habits)
opće činjenice (general facts)
PRESENT SIMPLE (positive) - primjer
Primjer
I play chess.
She lives in London.
Nije u trenutku govora → not happening now!