Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

• Mišljenje (smatrati), Present Simple: I think English is easy.

• Proces razmišljanja, Present Continuous: Shh! I am thinking about it.

Have, belong i own izražavaju posjedovanje.

• ✓ TOČNO: They have a new car.

• ✗ NETOČNO: They are having a car.

Privremene radnje i trenutak govora prepoznajemo po izrazima:

• Now, right now, just now, at the moment, currently.

• Today, this week / year / summer, at present, these days, nowadays.

• Look! / Listen! / Stop!

I am travelling around Europe at the moment.

Za 3. osobu jednine Present Simplea dodajemo -s, a za Present Continuous dodajemo -ing.

• work → works / working

• read → reads / reading

• Present Simple: u niječnom i upitnom obliku glagol gubi -s / -es. He travels. → He doesn't travel. → Does he travel?

• Present Continuous uvijek traži TO BE (am / is / are) i glagol-ING. He is travelling.

U 3. osobi jednine Present Simplea završno -y prelazi u -ies. Uz -ing slovo y ostaje bez promjene.

• study → studies / studying

• try → tries / trying

• Present Simple za trajne radnje, navike i rutine: I go to music school twice a week.

• Present Continuous za privremene radnje i trenutak govora: I’m going to music school now.

Obje su rečenice u sadašnjosti; razlikuju se prema značenju i vremenskom izrazu.

Present Simple je jednostavno sadašnje vrijeme za rutine, navike, uobičajene radnje i opće činjenice. Present Continuous je sadašnje trajno vrijeme za radnje upravo sada, u trenutku govora ili u tijeku.

• I watch films every weekend. → Gledam filmove vikendom.

• I am watching a film now. → Upravo gledam film.

Savjet!
Postavi pitanje: Kada se radnja događa?

See, taste, smell i hear opisuju osjetila.

• ✓ TOČNO: I hear a noise at the door.

• ✗ NETOČNO: I am hearing a noise at the door.

Slovo Y ostaje: u 3. osobi jednine Present Simplea dodajemo -s, a u Present Continuousu -ing.

• play → plays / playing

• stay → stays / staying

Uz always u Present Continuousu možemo izraziti prigovor ili negodovanje. To je posebna uporaba: ALWAYS inače povezujemo s Present Simpleom.

• You are always losing your keys!

• He is always playing video games!

• Present Simple: DO / DOES + subjekt + infinitiv. Does he travel?

• Present Continuous: AM / IS / ARE + subjekt + glagol-ING. Is he travelling?

DO koristimo uz I/you/we/they, DOES uz he/she/it; AM uz I, IS uz he/she/it, ARE uz you/we/they.

• Posjedovanje, Present Simple: I have a new mobile phone.

• Radnja (jesti, piti, tuširati se…), Present Continuous: She is having a shower now.

Kod kratkih glagola sa samoglasnikom između dva suglasnika u Present Simpleu nema udvostručavanja: dodajemo -s. U Present Continuousu udvostručujemo zadnje slovo i dodajemo -ing.

• run → runs / running

• swim → swims / swimming

• Present Simple govori gdje živimo ili radimo inače: I live in London. → Moja stalna adresa.

• Present Continuous govori gdje boravimo ili radimo privremeno: I am staying in London this week. → Samo privremeno.

• Present Simple: subjekt + infinitiv; za he/she/it dodajemo -s / -es. I/you/we/they travel; he/she/it travels.

• Present Continuous: subjekt + AM / IS / ARE + glagol-ING. I am travelling; he/she/it is travelling; you/we/they are travelling.

U 3. osobi jednine Present Simplea dodajemo -es. U Present Continuousu nema promjene osnove: dodajemo -ing.

• watch → watches / watching

• go → goes / going

Glagoli stanja opisuju stanja, osjećaje, mišljenja i posjedovanje. Ne opisuju radnju pa se koriste u Present Simpleu, bez nastavka -ING, čak i sada.

Neki glagoli mogu biti u Present Continuousu ako mijenjaju značenje. Oblik biramo prema značenju rečenice.

Know, believe, remember, understand i think su glagoli mišljenja i znanja.

• ✓ TOČNO: She knows English.

• ✗ NETOČNO: She is knowing English.

• Present Simple: subjekt + DON’T / DOESN’T + infinitiv. I/you/we/they don't travel; he/she/it doesn't travel.

• Present Continuous: subjekt + AM / IS / ARE + NOT + glagol-ING. I am not travelling; he/she/it isn't travelling; you/we/they aren't travelling.

U Present Simpleu samo dodajemo -s. U Present Continuousu ispada tiho E i dodajemo -ing.

• dance → dances / dancing

• write → writes / writing

Završno -IE prelazi u -Y, pa dodajemo -ing.

• die → dying

• lie → lying

Opće činjenice i prirodne zakonitosti označavaju istine koje se ne mijenjaju. Izražavamo ih u Present Simpleu.

• The Sun rises in the east.

• Water boils at 100 degrees C.

Trajna stanja, rutine i redovite radnje prepoznajemo po izrazima:

• Always, usually, often, frequently, sometimes, rarely, seldom, never.

• Every day / week / month / year; once a week; once, twice, three times a year; on Mondays / Fridays; in the morning.

I travel abroad every summer.

Like, love, hate, want, prefer i dislike su glagoli osjećaja i želja.

• ✓ TOČNO: I want ice cream now.

• ✗ NETOČNO: I am wanting ice cream now.