Can/Be able to
Kako možemo isto pitanje o sposobnosti postaviti s CAN i BE ABLE TO?
Can you help me?
Are you able to help me?
Obje varijante izražavaju mogućnost; CAN je češći i prirodniji u svakodnevnom govoru.
Kako tvorimo niječni BE ABLE TO u sadašnjosti?
AM NOT / ISN’T / AREN’T ABLE TO + infinitiv.
I'm not able to ride a horse.
They aren't able to come to the party.
Kako tvorimo pitanja s BE ABLE TO u prošlosti?
WAS / WERE + subjekt + ABLE TO + infinitiv …? WAS ide uz I/he/she/it, WERE uz you/we/they.
Was he able to finish the project yesterday?
Were we able to win the game last week?
Kako tvorimo potvrdni BE ABLE TO u budućnosti?
WILL BE ABLE TO + infinitiv.
I will be able to help you tomorrow.
You will be able to go next week.
Kako tvorimo niječni BE ABLE TO u budućnosti?
WILL NOT = WON’T; koristimo WON’T BE ABLE TO + infinitiv. Willn’t ne postoji.
I won't be able to help you tomorrow.
You won't be able to go next week.
Kako tvorimo potvrdni BE ABLE TO u prošlosti?
WAS / WERE ABLE TO + infinitiv.
He was able to finish the project yesterday.
We were able to win the game last week.
Kako se CAN i BE ABLE TO razlikuju po formalnosti?
CAN je uobičajen i prirodan u svakodnevnom govoru. I can play football with my friends.
BE ABLE TO je formalnije/službenije ili naglašava samu mogućnost. The applicant is able to speak 3 languages.
Kako tvorimo pitanja s BE ABLE TO u sadašnjosti?
AM / IS / ARE + subjekt + ABLE TO + infinitiv …? Zamjenjujemo mjesta glagolu TO BE i subjektu.
Am I able to ride a horse?
Are they able to come to the party?
Mijenja li se CAN prema osobi i koji oblik glagola slijedi?
CAN je modalni glagol i ima isti oblik za sve osobe, bez nastavka -S. Iza CAN, COULD i BE ABLE TO dolazi infinitiv.
She can speak German well.
Što znače CAN i BE ABLE TO?
Oba izražavaju sposobnost ili mogućnost. CAN znači moći, znati, biti sposoban; BE ABLE TO znači biti u mogućnosti, biti sposoban.
I can speak three languages. → Mogu govoriti tri jezika. (Znam)
I am able to understand this text. → Mogu razumjeti ovaj tekst.
Kako CAN/CAN’T i COULD/COULDN’T izražavaju sposobnost?
CAN / CAN’T → opća sposobnost u sadašnjosti. He can swim but he can't drive.
COULD / COULDN’T → opća sposobnost u prošlosti, mogao sam/znao sam. When I was five I could swim but I couldn't read.
Koji se dio izraza BE ABLE TO mijenja?
Mijenjamo samo oblik glagola BE. Izraz ABLE TO ostaje isti u svim vremenima i osobama.
Kako tvorimo potvrdni BE ABLE TO u sadašnjosti?
AM / IS / ARE ABLE TO + infinitiv.
I am able to ride a horse.
She is able to speak German.
I → AM; he/she/it → IS; you/we/they → ARE.
Postoji li u negaciji razlika između COULDN’T i WASN’T ABLE TO?
U niječnoj prošlosti nema te razlike; koriste se ravnopravno.
I couldn't find my keys. = I wasn't able to find my keys. → Nisam mogao naći svoje ključeve.
Kako razlikujemo COULD i WAS/WERE ABLE TO u prošlosti?
COULD → opća sposobnost u prošlosti. When I was seven, I could ride a bike.
WAS / WERE ABLE TO → uspjeh u konkretnoj situaciji, svladana prepreka. The test was very hard, but Ann was able to pass it.
Kako tvorimo pitanja s BE ABLE TO u budućnosti?
WILL + subjekt + BE ABLE TO + infinitiv …? Vrijedi za sve osobe.
Will she be able to go next week?
Kako tvorimo niječni BE ABLE TO u prošlosti?
WASN’T / WEREN’T ABLE TO + infinitiv.
He wasn't able to finish the project yesterday.
We weren't able to win the game last week.
Zašto je WILL CAN netočno?
CAN ima oblik za sadašnjost i prošlost, ali nema oblik za budućnost. Za buduću sposobnost koristimo BE ABLE TO.
✗ NETOČNO: They will can come tomorrow.
✓ TOČNO: They will be able to come tomorrow.